Ovarian Cysts

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on or within an ovary, and they are quite common, especially during the childbearing years. In many cases, ovarian cysts do not cause symptoms and resolve on their own. However, in some women, cysts can lead to pain, irregular periods, or other complications. Dr. Apoorva Pallam Reddy, a skilled gynecologist and laparoscopic surgeon, offers comprehensive care for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of ovarian cysts, helping women find relief from symptoms and regain their reproductive health.

What Are Ovarian Cysts?

An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms on the ovaries, which are part of the female reproductive system. Most cysts are benign (non-cancerous) and are functional in nature, meaning they form as a result of normal ovulation. There are various types of ovarian cysts, including:

• Functional Cysts: These are the most common and typically form during the menstrual cycle. There are two main types:

  • Follicular Cysts: Form when the follicle (a sac containing an egg) does not release the egg and instead grows larger.
  • Corpus Luteum Cysts: Occur when the follicle releases the egg but fails to dissolve as it should, causing fluid to build up within the sac.

• Dermoid Cysts: These cysts contain various types of tissue, such as hair, skin, or teeth. They are usually benign but may require surgical removal if they cause symptoms.

• Endometriomas: Cysts that form as a result of endometriosis, a condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus.

• Cystadenomas: These are cysts filled with a watery or mucous-like substance and are typically benign but may require surgical removal if they grow large or cause complications.

Symptoms of Ovarian Cysts

Most ovarian cysts do not cause noticeable symptoms, but when they do, common signs include:

• Pelvic Pain: Dull or sharp pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis, often on one side.
• Irregular Periods: Changes in menstrual cycle length or heavy bleeding.
• Pain during Intercourse: Discomfort during or after sexual activity.
• Bloating or Fullness: A sensation of pressure or bloating in the abdomen.
• Urinary Symptoms: Frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder completely, particularly if the cyst is large.

In some cases, a cyst may rupture, leading to sudden, severe pain and other complications such as internal bleeding or infection.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of ovarian cysts is not fully understood, but several factors may increase the risk of developing them, including:

• Hormonal Imbalances: Imbalances in hormones, particularly during the menstrual cycle, can lead to the formation of cysts.
• Endometriosis: Women with endometriosis are at higher risk of developing endometriomas.
• Pregnancy: Functional cysts may develop during pregnancy.
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A hormonal disorder that can lead to the development of multiple cysts on the ovaries.

Treatment for Ovarian Cysts

Treatment for ovarian cysts depends on the size of the cyst, the severity of symptoms, and whether the cyst is causing complications. Dr. Apoorva Pallam Reddy offers various treatment options:

• Watchful Waiting: In many cases, ovarian cysts resolve on their own without the need for intervention. Dr. Apoorva may recommend monitoring the cyst over time with periodic ultrasounds.
• Medications: Hormonal treatments, such as birth control pills, can help regulate the menstrual cycle and prevent the formation of new cysts.
• Surgical Removal: If a cyst is large, persistent, or causing symptoms, it may need to be surgically removed. This can often be done using minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery, which offers quicker recovery times and less scarring.
• Fertility Preservation: For women who are trying to conceive, Dr. Apoorva Pallam Reddy takes special care to preserve ovarian function during cyst removal surgery.

Why Choose Dr. Apoorva Pallam Reddy?

Dr. Apoorva Pallam Reddy is an experienced gynecologist with expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cysts. With a personalized approach, she ensures that each patient receives the best care based on her specific needs and reproductive goals. Whether you are dealing with symptoms of ovarian cysts or seeking preventive care, Dr. Apoorva provides compassionate and effective solutions to help you manage your health and achieve a better quality of life.