Diagnostic

Diagnostic laparoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows a doctor to examine the organs inside the abdomen and pelvis using a laparoscope—a thin, lighted telescope inserted through a small incision. This procedure is commonly used to diagnose unexplained pelvic pain, infertility, and various gynecological conditions.

Why is Diagnostic Laparoscopy Performed?

Doctors recommend this procedure for women experiencing:

• Unexplained pelvic pain or chronic lower abdominal discomfort
• Infertility due to suspected tubal blockage or endometriosis
• Endometriosis diagnosis and staging
• Investigation of ovarian cysts, fibroids, or adhesions
• Evaluation of ectopic pregnancy
• Unexplained menstrual irregularities or heavy bleeding
• Pelvic infections (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease – PID)

Diagnostic laparoscopy is often performed when non-invasive tests like ultrasound or MRI do not provide a clear diagnosis.

Procedure Overview

This procedure is typically done under general anesthesia on an outpatient basis. The steps include:

1. A small incision (usually near the navel) is made to insert the laparoscope.
2. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) gas is introduced to inflate the abdomen for better visibility.
3. Additional small incisions may be made for inserting surgical instruments if further examination or biopsies are needed.
4. The doctor examines the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and surrounding structures in real time.
5. If abnormalities like endometriosis, fibroids, or adhesions are found, minor corrective procedures can sometimes be performed simultaneously.

Benefits of Diagnostic Laparoscopy

• Minimally Invasive: Small incisions lead to faster healing and minimal scarring.
• Accurate Diagnosis: Provides a clear, direct view of pelvic and abdominal organs.
• Faster Recovery: Most women resume normal activities within 2-3 days.
• Combination with Treatment: If minor issues are found, they can be treated during the same procedure.

What to Expect After the Procedure?

• Mild abdominal pain and bloating due to the CO₂ gas (may cause shoulder pain)
• Small sutures or bandages at incision sites
• Light spotting or vaginal discharge for a few days
• Most patients recover within a week

When to Seek Medical Attention?

Although complications are rare, contact a doctor if you experience:

• Severe abdominal pain that doesn’t improve
• Heavy bleeding or persistent vaginal discharge
• Fever or signs of infection (redness, swelling at incision site)
• Difficulty breathing or chest pain

Conclusion

Diagnostic laparoscopy is a safe and effective procedure for evaluating gynecological conditions that may affect fertility and overall pelvic health. It provides a precise diagnosis, allowing for early intervention and appropriate treatment.

For expert consultation, Dr. Apoorva Pallam Reddy offers advanced laparoscopic techniques to ensure accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plans for optimal women’s health.